福州市儿童出生体重与单纯性肥胖关系的病例对照研究

Case-control Study on Relationship Between Birth Weight and Simple Obesity Among Children in Fuzhou

目的研究出生体重与儿童期肥胖之间的关系,为成人期疾病的生命早期预防提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究,以福州市5所幼儿园所有3-6岁儿童为筛查对象。以超重肥胖儿童（162人）作为病例,正常体重儿童（843人）作为对照。收集出生资料、饮食行为习惯等,分析出生体重及行为习惯与儿童期肥胖的关系。结果单因素分析高出生体重引起儿童期肥胖的OR值为2.099（95%CI：1.385-3.181）,调整OR值为1.138（95%CI：1.030-2.003）。母亲糖尿病史及孕前高BMI均是儿童期肥胖的危险因素,调整OR值分别为2.154（95%CI：1.121-4.140）和1.067（95%CI：1.008-1.129）,吃西式快餐也是肥胖的危险因素（OR=1.189,95%CI：1.005-1.407）;进餐时间延长是肥胖的保护因素（OR=0.957,95%CI：0.927-0.976）。结论高出生体重、母亲糖尿病、吃西式快餐是儿童期肥胖的危险因素,适当延长进餐时间是肥胖的保护因素。

Objective To study the correlation between birth weight and childhood obesity,and to provide the evidence for early preventing the diseases during the adulthood. Methods A case-control study was carried out among 1,005 children aged between 3 and 6 years who selected from five kindergartens in Fuzhou.The obesity children were taken as the case group（n=162） and the normal weight children were served as the control group（n=843）.Detail birth records and behavior information were collected by the questionnaire.Physical examination was conducted.The correlation between childhood obesity and birth weight,behavioral habits was analyzed. Results The risk of childhood obesity for high birth weight was 2.099 times as much as that of children with normal birth weight（OR=2.099,95%CI： 1.385~3.181）.The multivariable adjusted odds ratio of being overweight/obesity for high birth weight was 1.138（95%CI： 1.030~2.003）.Multivariables analysis showed that high birth weight,diabetic mother,mother with high BMI and fast food consumption（OR=1.189,95%CI： 1.005~1.407） contributed to an increased risk of obesity.Prolonged mealtime was the protective factor for obesity（OR=0.957,95%CI： 0.927~0.976）. Conclusions High birth weight,diabetic mother,mother with high BMI and fast food consumption are the risk factors for childhood obesity.Longer mealtime is the protective factor for obesity.