欧盟环境损害赔偿立法模式对中国的借鉴

EU Environmental Damage Legislation Model and Its Implication to P.R. China

欧盟环境侵权赔偿立法的整个过程,对环境损害的救济方式也经历了由民法为主向行政法的转变。前后立法模式的变化,对环境损害赔偿法的体系、功能和运行产生深远的影响。欧盟的一些国家在环境民事赔偿责任领域通过了被认为具有先驱性的单行法,这些法律在责任主体、适用范围、责任基础、举证责任、赔偿范围等方面做出了非常细致的规定。这对我国正在制定环境损害赔偿法具有重要借鉴意义。

The whole procedure of perfecting legislation for environmental damage in EU has experienced a long period of transformation from civil remedy to administrative one.This change has exerted great influence on the system,function and execution of the environmental damage law.Some EU countries have adopted precursor legislation in civil compensation responsibility domain,with detailed regulations in responsible party,scope of application,basis of liability,onus probandi,compensation scope,and the like.China is in the process of completing the environmental damage legislation,and the EU legislation is of great help to the practice in China.