以《晋故中书侍郎荀岳墓志》为中心考析西晋社会礼俗

An Analysis of the Social Etiquettes in the West-Jin Dynasty Based on The Epitaph of Xun Yue,the Original Assistant Minister of the Jin Dynasty

依据西晋人的取名礼俗与族属谱系,可以推证出荀岳家族墓志中子嗣生卒年月、仕宦履历及姻亲谱系。墓志记载了生前聚族而居,死后聚族而葬的丧葬礼俗,是家谱在墓志中的再现。墓志文本范式反映出家族兴衰荣辱与当时社会礼俗之间的文化同构。聚族附葬习俗,体现出附葬者与墓主人之间、生者与死者之间的一种亲族同门情义的认同。墓志中的拜时妇、三日妇之婚俗,突破了"周公六礼"之约束,在西晋社会动荡的背景之下,有利于家嗣的传衍,是合乎现实的选择。

According to the naming customs and genealogy in the West-Jin Dynasty,you can deduce that Xun Qiong was born in the fifth year of Yuan-kang in Xun Yue＇s family.Accordingly,it can be inferred implicitly when Xun Yin was born,when he died and what working experience he had.There is the anaphoric relationship between Xun Yue＇s family misfortune and epitaphs,which records that they lived together before his death and were buried together after his death.These family funeral rites could reproduce genealogy in the epitaphs.The epitaph text reflects the vicissitudes of the family and the cultural isomorphism between social customs.The poly-ethnic related to burial customs reflects a kind of affection recognition between the person buried as the companion and the owner of the tomb,between the living and the dead.The marriage customs of visiting woman and three-day woman in epitaph break the convention of ＂The Six Rites of Zhou Gong＂.In the background of social unrest of the West-Jin Dynasty,it is conducive to family heritage and it is a realistic option.