立德与立功——孔子与希罗多德对历史人物评价之比较

The Establishment of Virtue and Meritorious Performance:A comparison of the historical personnel by Confucius and Herodotus

孔子的《春秋》和希罗多德的《历史》分别是中西方史学的两部伟大的著作。这两部著作在对历史人物的评价方面存在明显差异:《春秋》以"立德"为先,而《历史》以"立功"为先。这种差异的形成不是因为孔子和希罗多德的个人差异造成的,而是具有深层的历史原因,是深受中西方两种不同文化背景影响的结果。

The book of Chunqiu Annals by Confucius and that of History by Herodotus are two great works respectively in the east and west history.However,they are different obviously in the evaluation of historical personnel,with Chunqiu Annals stressing on the setting up of virtue first,while History putting the ＂meritorious performance＂ in the first place.Such differences were not created by Confucius and Herodotus themselves,but by the substantial historical factors.They are the results from the differences of the two different cultures.