采用激光熔覆方法校轴的试验研究

Experimental Investigation on Shaft Straightening Based on Laser Cladding

为了研究激光熔覆工艺应用于校轴的可行性,以及不同工艺条件下校轴的效果,设计了激光熔覆校轴试验.采用CO2激光器对试验轴进行激光熔覆,利用百分表测量轴的跳动值,用以衡量轴的弯曲量.试验首先在相同熔覆长度和深度下,改变熔覆中心角,其次在相同熔覆面积下,改变熔覆深度,进行激光熔覆.基于试验结论,并结合实际情况,用工程实例进行验证.试验结果表明,在激光熔覆校轴中,轴发生了朝向激光束的弯曲;熔覆层所对中心角小于90°时,轴弯曲量与熔覆面积成正比关系,熔覆层所对中心角大于90°时,轴弯曲量变化不明显;在熔覆面积一定的情况下,轴弯曲量与熔覆层数成正比例关系.工程案例取得良好的预期效果.

To investigate the feasibility of laser cladding technique in shaft straightening and what effects the technique will result in under different processing conditions,a relevant test was designed and implemented,where a CO2 laser was used for the shaft specimen whose eccentricity was measured with a dial gauge to indicate the flexibility of the specimen.In the test,the axial angle of laser was changed during laser cladding with both the length and depth of cladding area kept unchanged,then the depth was changed with the cladding area kept unchanged.The test results were verified with actual exemplifications and showed that the shaft is bent towards the laser beam.When the axis angle is smaller than 90°,the shaft flexibility is directly proportional to the cladding area and when the angle is greater than 90°,no obvious change in the flexibility is found.Furthermore,the shaft flexibility is directly proportional to the number of cladding layers if the cladding area is constant.All the results demonstrate that the technique proposed comes up to the expected effect.