两种视力表在学龄前儿童视力筛查中的对比分析

Comparison of the two charts for preschool children vision screening

【目的】比较儿童图形视力表同E字视力表检查儿童视力的一致性,探讨准确、方便的学龄前儿童视力检查法。【方法】采用整群随机抽样法、双盲法,由专业视光医师,分别对儿童进行两种视力表的裸眼远视力检查。5分记录法记录视力。【结果】共564名3~6岁儿童完成2种视力表检查。两种视力表所得视力相关系数为0.565（P〈0.001）,图形视力表所得视力低于E字表,差值均数为0.12±0.11,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。所得视力差值均数不随年龄的改变而变化（P=0.61）;而随视力水平的提高逐渐增大（P〈0.01）。【结论】4岁及以上儿童视力筛查推荐首选标准E字对数视力表;儿童图形视力表检查所得视力偏低,可作为学龄前儿童视力筛查时的备选用表,进行视力异常判断时需谨慎。

【Objective】 To compare monocular within-subjects visual acuity results obtained using the children ＇ s graphic visual acuity chart with that using the Standard logarithmic visual acuity chart E in preschool children.【Methods】 With random cluster sampling and double-blind method,564 children completed both charts were selected,ranging in age from 3 to 6 years from kindergartens in Shanghai.Each child was tested by qualified optometrist.Outcome measurement was scored using the 5-grade notation.【Results】 On average,children＇s graphic visual acuity chart acuity scores were one logMAR line worse than standard logarithmic visual acuity chart E acuity scores（0.12±0.11）,paired t-test showed signifi-cant difference（P0.01）,and this difference did not change with age（P=0.61）,but increased with better visual acuity（P 0.01）.Correlation between acuity results obtained with the two charts was moderate（r=0.565,P0.01）.【Conclu-sions】 The present study suggests the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart E is a reliable and valid method of testing visual acuity for the children older than 3 years.Children＇s graphic visual acuity chart could be a alternative method for pre-school-aged old children.