大豆产量相关性状的多年多点QTL分析

QTL analysis of yield components on soybean under different environment

目前大豆和其他高产作物相比,相对产量偏低,提高大豆产量潜力是大豆育种的重要任务。产量是一个综合性状,受多个形态、生理以及农艺性状的影响。定位大豆产量性状QTL,具有重要的研究和应用价值。以美国大豆品种Charleston为母本,东北农业大学大豆品系东农594为父本及其F2：14代重组自交系的154个株系为试验材料,164个SSR引物经亲本筛选后用于群体扩增,并构建遗传图谱。在两年同一地点下对亲本间表现多态的12个与产量相关的农艺性状进行了调查及QTL分析。产量相关性状包括荚数、荚长、荚宽、百粒重等。QTL检测结果表明,在两年的种植环境下,12个产量相关性状共检测到QTL 33个。每个性状的QTLs在两种环境下共检出个数1~9个不等,其中6个QTLs在2个环境下被检测到,它们受环境的影响较小,为较稳定的QTLs。其他产量QTLs只在单一环境下被检测到,说明产量相关QTLs与环境之间存在明显的互作。与国内外对应农艺性状QTLs检测结果相比,多个性状的QTLs位点均一致,说明QTLs检测准确率较高。利用分子标记遗传图谱,定位控制产量相关性状的QTL,为利用分子标记改良大豆产量潜力提供了有力手段。

Soybean is a major crop in the world,and its yield is important to improve the soybean development.Yield is a very complicated quantitative trait,existing interactions not only with gene by gene,but also gene by environment.Studying the interactions among genes,environment and finding the yield components QTLs expressed in given environment were of importance in practice for developing soybean planting.If consensus QTLs of yield components in different environment could be found,it would provide possibility for molecular breeding by marker assisted selection（MAS）.The previous studies had identified many QTLs associated with yield and its component,but there was few QTL analysis on yield components under different environment.In order to find out steady and repeatable QTLs of these traits,a F2：14 RIL population containing 154 lines derived from cross between Charleston as female and Dongnong594 asmale parent were used in this experiment.A genetic linkage map was constructed with 164 SSR primers screened in two parents and amplified in 154 line population.Total 12 yield components showing polymorphic in parents were investigated and QTLs were analyzed.QTLs of all the traits were analyzed with software Windows QTL Cartographer V2.0.Under four different environment,12 yield components traits were investigated and 33 QTLs were analyzed.The yield of QTLs per trait varied from 1 to 9 under two environment.Total 6 QTLs had been found in two different environment,which were little affected by environment,were stable QTLs.Most of the QTLs were detected in the single environment,indicating the significant interactions between QTL and environment.Good accordance was displayed in many QTLs between our results and those obtained by related studies.These QTLs might provide the valuable information for soybean molecular marker assistant breeding selection.