天然气水合物取样技术及装置进展

Progress on Natural Gas Hydrate Sampling Techniques and Tools

天然气水合物储量巨大、分布广泛、清洁,被认为是很重要的潜在能源。在天然气水合物走向商业开发的过程中,钻探取样是获取自然条件下天然气水合物样品最直接有效的方法,是进行天然气水合物研究必不可少的手段。详细综述了目前国际上常用的5种保温保压水合物取样工具(PTCS、DSDP-PCB、ODP-PCS、FPC、HRC)和5种非保温保压取样工具(活塞取样器、USEP、FHPC、FC及重力取样器)的研发历程、结构、技术指标及应用情况。对我国天然气水合物取心技术提出了着重研究适合深水深层钻探取心的设备及工艺的发展建议,以形成我国完整的天然气水合物钻探取心技术。

Natural gas hydrate is regarded as a potential energy because of its enormous reserves,wide deposition and cleanness.During commercial exploitation of natural gas hydrate,sampling is the most effective way and necessary means to obtain in-situ hydrate sample for investigation.In this paper,the researching progress,device structure,technical index and application of five kinds of pressure and temperature coring tools（PTCS,DSDP-PCB,ODP-PCS,FPC,HRC）and non-pressure-temperature preservation sampling tools（piston corer,USEP,FHPC,FC,gravity corer） are reviewed.We suggest that the current work should be emphasized on the development of coring tool for deep formation in deep water,and establish an integrated technology and system for coring the gas hydrate in China.