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肾综合征出血热疫苗效果免疫(感染)增强和免疫策略研究专题报告 被引量:5

Evaluation on Efficacy of Vaccines against HFRS and Study of the Strategy of Their Immunization
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摘要 在疫苗试区全程接种了10178人,并设对照组人群16203人。1995年8月~1998年9月3年时间里从疫苗开始接种到加强后两年,观察了HFRSⅠ型鼠脑灭活纯化疫苗的安全性和流行病学保护率效果等。纵观结果:证明该疫苗除了因疫苗中的蔗糖引起较重较普遍的局部反应外,疫苗的安全性是有保证的。从血清免疫效果看,86例全程接种后两周的免疫者血清,IFA抗体阳转率达100%,中和抗体阳转率为4444%(8/18)。1年后,IFA抗体和中和抗体阳性率分别下降到2857%和1480%。但加强后两周的血清,IFA抗体和中和抗体分别反弹至8333%和5556%,其抗体几何平均滴度也随之回升,但不十分明显。此外,在加强后2年的IFA和中和抗体阳性率已下降到较低水平,分别为225%和260%。在全程接种人群中除1例因接种2针,1例虽接种3针,但未按规定接种程序进行接种而发病外,至今接种组未发生其他病例。而对照组人群中已发病22例,其3年平均保护率达9570%。总之,该疫苗是安全和有效的,结果证实疫苗有较好的血清免疫效果和较好的流行病学防病效果。其中似乎存在免疫增强反应,但没有发现感染增强反应(接种组2例病人临床表现? To evaluate the safety,immunogenicity and pretective efficacy of HFRS Ⅰ vaccine purified from sucking mouse brains,a controlled field trail was carried out in the endemic area of HFRS in Zhejiang province form August 1995 to September 1998.10178 volunteers were vaccinated while 16203 people living in the same areas were chosen as control group.The side effect of the vaccine was slight except for the high incidence of local pain caused by.No severe general reaction was ever found.Two weeks after three doses,the seroconvertion of the IFA and neutralizing anti Hantaan virus were 100%(86/86) and 44 44%(8/18) respectively.Just bdfore booster,one year after the basic immunization,the positive rate of IFA and PRNT dropped to 28.57% and 14.80%.Two weeks after the booster,both rates rebounded to 83.33% and 56.56% respectively.The changes of geometric mean titre(GMT) were probably the same.Two years after the booster,the seroprevelence of IFA and PRNT was 22.1% and 19.35%.During the three year kobservation,no HFRS patients were found among the vaccinees who received whole schedule vaccination ecept for one case who received only two doses patients were found in the control group,the epidemiological kprotective rate for three years was 95.70%.In short,the result suggested that the vaccine was safety and has good pretective effects.Idt may has immunological inhanced reaction but we did find infectious inhanced reaction in our study.It seems that the implementary injection and further observation are of great importance.
出处 《中国公共卫生》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 1999年第7期577-581,共5页 Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词 肾综合征出血热 免疫策略 免疫增强 疫苗 Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal syndrom full dose vaccination immunological stratigy HFRS vaccine purified from sucking mouse brains Protective effective autibody deperdert inkaaoment
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