神经植入猴失神经手指后触觉小体溃变与再生的电镜观察

OBSERVATION ON THE DEGENERATION AND REGENERATION OF THE MEISSNER'S CORPUSCLES IN THE MONKEY'S DENERVATED FINGERS FOLLOWING SENSORY NERVE IMPLANTATION UNDER ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

目的观察猴自体神经植入后，皮肤触觉小体的变化。方法手术解剖出猴手指的两条指神经，切断制作猴手指失神经模型，其中切除一条指神经，另一条指神经重新植入失神经手指。分别在术后１、３、５、８及１２个月切除指腹的皮肤在电镜下进行观察。结果失神经１个月时触觉小体内的神经末梢已有溃变，触觉小体的基本结构无明显改变；３个月时轴突消失，触觉小体的体积开始萎缩；５个月时神经结构消失，膜细胞及其膜板亦开始改变；８个月时触觉小体内胶原纤维含量逐渐增多；１２个月时触觉小体内膜结构与膜间基质完全消失，被胶原纤维代替。神经植入术后３个月时触觉小体周围开始有无髓神经纤维出现，并向触觉小体内部生长；５个月时已有部分触觉小体获得神经支配；８个月时大部分触觉小体获得神经支配，且触觉小体尾端开始有幼稚有髓神经纤维出现；１２个月时未发现失神经支配的触觉小体。结论植入的感觉神经可通过再支配原有的溃变触觉小体和再生出结构简单的触觉小体。

Objective To observe the degeneration and regeneration of the Meissner's corpuscles after implanted sensory nerve into the denervated monkey's fingers under electron microscope.Methods The two finger nerves of the monkey's fingers were denervated. Afterwards, one finger nerve was cut off, and the other was reimplanted into the denervated finger. After 1,3,5,8 and 12 months, the finger skin was cut off and observed under electron microscope.Results The degenerative changes of nerve ending in Meissner's corpuscles were observed after 1 month of denervation, and the basic structure of the corpuscles had no obvious changes. After 3 months, the axons of corpuscles were disappeared, and the volume of corpuscles was shrunk. The basic structure of nerves was disappeared,and the lemmocyte and neurolemma plate were changed after 5 months. The collagen fibrils in the corpuscles were gradually increased in 8 months,the endoneurial structure and interneurial matrix were completely disappeared and replaced by collagen fibrils in 12 months. After 3 months of nerve implantation, unmyelinated nerve fibers were appeared and growed into the corpuscles. A part of corpuscles innervated in 5 months. Most of cor puscles innervated and myelinated nerve fibers were observed in 8 months. And in 12 months, corpuscles innervated to normal level.Conclusion The implantive sensory nerve by means of reinnervating the original corpuscles and regenerating new corpuscles could innervate the degenerative Meissner's corpuscles.