吴起县不同退耕还林模式生态效益研究

Wuqi County Ecological Benefits of Different Models of Retuning Farmland to Forest

对陕西省吴起县城周边地区进行样地植被和土壤调查,研究退耕还林过程中人工植被恢复区与自然植被恢复区的生态效益.结果表明,通过退耕还林可使植被得以恢复,达到控制水土流失的目的.在自然植被恢复区,植物群落主要以草本群落为主,偶见一些灌木群落.在人工植被恢复区,乔、灌、草3种植被群落均有分布,在生物多样性方面差异不大.人工植被恢复区草本群落的各多样性指标略高于自然植被恢复区.在生物量方面,人工恢复区明显高于自然恢复区.由此可见,人工恢复区植被恢复程度优于自然恢复区,在退耕还林过程中进行适当的人工干预有助于提高植被的生态效益.

According to the vegetation and soil investigation of sample plot in surrounding area of Wuqi County,Shanxi province,this paper studied the ecological benefits in both artificial and natural vegetation rehabilitation area under the progress of retuning farmland to Forests.The results showed that： the vegetation can be restored and soil erosion can be controlled through retuning farmland to forest.In natural restoration area,herb community dominated the structure,shrub community were occasionally occurred.In artificial vegetation rehabilitation area,the community structure was composed of tree,shrub and herb community.The difference of biodiversity between two areas was not obvious,but all the diversity indexes of artificial vegetation area were slightly higher than natural restoration area.The biomass of artificial vegetation area was significantly higher than natural restoration area.The degree of vegetation restored in artificial vegetation area was better than in natural restoration area,thus,appropriate manual intervention on conversion of Cropland to Forest will improve the ecological benefits of vegetation.