摘要
产业结构转化是一个动态过程,其本质是对生产要素的重新配置。人力资本是产业结构转化的基础,决定了产业结构转化的速度、方向和效果。在数量、结构和类型上,人力资本与产业结构转化不匹配,是造成失业增加、经济波动和收入差距扩大的重要原因。中国人力资本的总体水平较低,并且低层次人力资本占有很大比重,人力资本的区域分布也不平衡,所以劳动力在产业之间的自由流动受到了很大限制。这妨碍了各种要素生产力的充分发挥,制约了技术进步以及知识和资本密集型产业的发展,造成了不同产业之间生产要素使用效率的差异,由此产生了结构性失业,阻碍了经济增长,扩大了收入差距。
The transformation of industrial structure is a dynamic process, and its essence is product factors reallocation.Human capital is its foundation and decides the speed, direction, and effection.If human capital does not match with the transformation of industrial structure, there will be more unemployment, economic fluctuation, and income disparity.In our country, the level of human capital is low, and so there is too much labor force with low-level human capital.In addition, there is different quantity of human capital in different regions.Therefore, labour force cannot flow freely between different industries, which reduces the productivity of factors and restricts technic advance, and then there is efficiency disparity of product factors between different industries.Similarly, this phenomenon increases structural unemployment, induces economic growth and enlarges income gap.
出处
《经济评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第6期137-142,共6页
Economic Review
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"农村义务教育财政投入的总量
结构和效果评价"(10CJY069)
山东省软科学研究计划项目(2009RKA347)
山东省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目(J09WH05)的阶段性研究成果
山东财政学院博士科研基金资助
关键词
产业结构
人力资本
就业
经济增长
收入分配
Industrial Structure
Human Capital
Employment
Economic Growth
Income Distribution