驻陕某部队1995～1997年病毒性肝炎发病调查与分析

Survey and analysis of viral hepatitis incidence between 1995-1997 in troops stationed in Shaanxi

目的：了解部队病毒性肝炎的实际发病水平和流行特点．方法：调查驻陕某部队防疫所及该部医院传染科１９９５～１９９７年３ａ期间疫情报卡、传染病报告表及病毒性肝炎患者的病历，并深入连队对各连登记在案的患者逐例核实，同时调查未登记病例．结果：观察部队３５５４３人中，共发现病毒性肝炎９８例，年平均发病率为２７５．７／１０万，其中甲肝２７例，乙肝４１例，非甲非乙型或未分型３０例，该部３ａ平均漏报率为５５．１％；各单位病毒性肝炎发病率差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；干部病毒性肝炎发病率达２５３．５／１０万，低于战士（３３２．７／１０万），干部乙肝发病率（１９７．２／１０万）高于战士（１２７．１／１０万），在战士中，老兵乙肝发病率（１０５．８／１０万）比新兵（１７０．５／１０万）低，但差异均无显著性．结论：观察部队病毒性肝炎年发病率与乙肝发病率均高于以往报道的部队病毒性肝炎发病水平，这与陕西为全国的乙肝高发区有关。

AIM: To find the actual incidence rate and epidemic features of hepatitis in military population. METHODS: Forms and cards for reporting contagious diseases and medical records of hepatitis patients obtained from preventive units and the Department of Infectious Diseases of the concerned troops stationed in Shaanxi were investigated. The primary diagnosis of all patients registered was confirmed and the information of the patients unregistered was added by field study. RESULTS: Among the 35 543 people, there were 98 new cases of hepatitis, which included 27 new cases of hepatitis A, 41 of hepatitis B and 30 of other types of hepatitis. The unregistered cases accounted for 55.1 percent of the whole cases of hepatitis. The results showed that the incidence rate of hepatitis was 253.5/100 000 for officers, lower than that for soldiers (332.7/100 000). As for incidence rate of hepatitis B, the former (105.8/100 000) was higher than the latter, and lower in veterans (105.8/100 000) than in new recruits (170.5/100 000), but the difference was insignificant. CONCLUSION: The unreported rate of hepatitis cases is high in our army and the actual rate might be much higher than that reported. Shaanxi is a highly epidemic area of hepatitis B, and unreported cases of hepatitis in part accounts for the previously reported low hepatitis incidence in troops stationed in Shaanxi.