高胆固醇作用下胆囊运动功能改变特征及意义

Specificity and significance of gallbladder motility function changes in rabbits fed with hypercholesterol diet

目的：研究高胆固醇（Ｃｈ）作用下胆囊成石前兔胆囊的功能及其超微结构病理基础，根据其在结石形成前胆囊功能改变及病理组织学特征，探讨胆囊保护胆道内环境稳定的屏障作用．方法：高Ｃｈ饲养２ｗｋ（实验Ⅰ组）、４ｗｋ（实验Ⅱ组）和８ｗｋ（实验Ⅲ组，成石组）制作实验性兔高Ｃｈ血症模型，实验组与正常兔进行Ｂ超测定胆囊的排空功能、胆囊静水压测定、胆囊胆汁Ｃｈ定量分析及超微结构病理对照．结果：实验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组与对照组比较，胆囊的空腹体积和残存体积增大（Ｐ＜０．０５），最大排空率减少［（５１．０９±７．５６）％，（３９．７５±５．８６）％ｖｓ（７２．６９±３．９６）％，Ｐ＜０．０５），胆囊静水压增加［（１．０３±０．０９）ｋＰａ，（１．４８±０．３７）ｋＰａｖｓ（０．６８±０．０６）ｋＰａ，Ｐ＜０．０５；］实验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组与正常兔胆囊胆汁Ｃｈ含量无明显差异［（１．９５±０．６０）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，（２．２０±０．２６）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌｖｓ（１．９６±０．７１）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ］．电镜显示实验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组粘膜上皮细胞胞浆内粘液颗粒明显增多，线粒体增多；实验Ⅱ组平滑肌细胞肌丝疏松，线粒体肿胀．结论：①高Ｃｈ作用下，胆囊运动功能改变特征为胆囊淤胆和张力?

AIM: The main aim of our study was to investigate the function and ultrastructure of the gallbladder prior to gallstone formation in rabbits fed with hypercholesterol diet, and to explore the role the gallbladder plays in protecting biliary internal environments. METHODS: Three groups of rabbits were fed with hypercholesterol diet for 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks respectively. In the control and experimental groups, gallbladder empty function was assessed ultrasonographically, gallbladder pressure and biliary cholesterol concentrations were measured, and the ultrastructure was observed by transelectronmicroscopy. RESULTS: In experimental group and , gallbladder ejection fraction decreased 97.56)% and (39.755.86)% respectively; control group: (72.693.96)%; P<0.05], gallbladder fasting volume and residual volume increased(P<0.05)and gallbladder pressure increased l group: (0.680.06) kPa; P<0.05]. In experimental group and , gallbladder biliary cholesterol concentrations were not significantly different L and (2.200.26) mmol/L respectively; control group: (1.960.71) mmol/L; P>0.05]. An increased number of secretory granules and mitochondria were observed in mucosal epithelial cells of the gallbladder. The microfilament was loosened and swell mitochondria were observed in smooth muscle cells of the gallbladder. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that hypercholesterol can lead to biliary stasis and increase tension of the gallbladder. Biliary stasis, increasing tension, cholesterol crystals and cholesterol stones of the gallbladder may play a role in protecting biliary internal environments.