崂山奶山羊群体遗传结构分析

Analysis of the Genetic Structure of Laoshan Milk Goat

利用微卫星标记对崂山奶山羊群体进行遗传多样性检测,通过每世代有效迁移个体数(Nm)、遗传距离、F-统计量以及瓶颈效应分析等,判断崂山奶山羊群体目前的遗传结构。结果表明:崂山奶山羊群体的多态信息含量在0.4180～0.8019之间,群体平均杂合度为0.7035,群体内近交系数为38.8%,文登奶山羊与崂山群体的分化系数最大,达0.1077,遗传距离最大(0.3335)。瓶颈效应分析表明:崂山奶山羊在无限等位基因模型(IAM)下,没有明显的杂合度过剩现象;在逐步突变模型(SMM)下,平均杂合度为0.765,拥有显著的杂合度过剩座位数,推断其有效群体大小近几十年来明显下降,上述研究结果对于崂山奶山羊的保种和开发利用具有重要的指导意义。

The genetic diversity of Laoshan Milk Goat was surveyed using microsatellite technology.By means of the average number of effective migrants exchanged per generation,genetic distance,F-statistics and bottleneck analysis,the genetic structure of Laoshan Milk Goat was estimated.The results were as follows： the polymorphism information contents of population were 0.4180 to 0.8019.The average heterozygosity of population was 0.7035,the Fst was 38.8%.The result of bottleneck analysis showed the Laoshan Milk Goat population hasn＇t exhibited a significant number of loci with heterozygosity excess under infinite allele model;the Laoshan Milk Goat population exhibited a significant number of loci with heterozygosity excess under stepwise mutation model under stepwise mutation model（the average heterozygosity was 0.765）,which indicated the Laoshan Milk Goat population had experienced a recent reduction of its effective population size.The results could establish scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of Laoshan Milk Goat breed resource.