后危机时代中国粮食对外贸易的政策选择

Policy Options About Foreign Trade of China's Food in Post-crisis Era

中国在2007～2008年的国际粮食危机中没有受到冲击,主要原因是中国已经建立了较为健全的粮食安全系统,具有较低的粮食对外贸易依存度。但仍存在着一些制约粮食安全的因素和隐患,中国利用国际粮食市场虽然在经济上具有可行性,但是国际粮源的可供性、政治上的可靠性、国际规则的有效性都难以保障。因此坚持95%的粮食基本自给政策,实施"宽进严出"策略,完善粮食贸易管理措施,实施粮食进口贸易伙伴国的多元化,就成为中国粮食对外贸易政策的基本选择。

The main reasons why China is not under attack in the international food crisis from 2007 to 2008 include more established complete food safety systems and lower food dependence on foreign trade; however, there are some factors and constraints that affecting food security. Although the use of the international food market in China is economically feasible, the availability of international food resources, political reliability, and the effectiveness of international rules are difficult to be protected. Therefore, the basic choice of the foreign trade of China＇s food include adhering to the policy of the food self-sufficiency that is less than 95%, implementing the ＂lenient entry, and stringent exit＂ strategy, perfecting the management measures of the food trade, and implementing the diversity of the trading partners.