白蛋白纳米粒药物传递系统的研究进展

Recent advances of albumin nanoparticles as a promising drug delivery system

目的综述白蛋白纳米粒作为药物传递系统的最新研究进展。方法依据国内外研究文章及专利文献共63篇,将白蛋白的性质及功能、白蛋白纳米粒的制备工艺、靶向肿瘤作用机理、上市药物及其临床前和临床实验结果进行了概括。结果白蛋白是一种良好的药物载体,显示独特的靶向肿瘤机理;白蛋白纳米粒的制备方法中二硫键形成法相对于其他制备方法具有显著优点,避免了很多基于溶剂传递的传统剂型中存在的潜在问题,由其制备的上市药物紫杉醇白蛋白纳米粒(Abraxane)具有较好的临床疗效。结论白蛋白纳米粒给药系统的研究有着重要的临床意义及发展前景。

Objective To review the new research development of the albumin nanoparticles as a drug delivery system.Methods According to the recent relevant literature and patents,this article summarized the transport properties of albumin,the production technique about albumin nanoparticles and its novel targeting tumours mechanism.Recently,nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel（nab-paclitaxel;Abraxane）has been approved for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in 2005,and its preclinical and clinical studies were also reviewed.Results Albumin is playing an increasing role as a drug carrier in the clinical setting.And albumin drug delivery systems exploit natural albumin receptor-mediated（gp60）endothelial transcytosis pathways to selectively deliver drugs to tumors.Nanoparticle albumin-bound technology shows more obvious advantages than other methods on albumin nanoparticles preparation,which avoiding many potential drawbacks of solvent-based formulations in the traditional forms.And abraxanehas demonstrated utility in the setting of cancer chemotherapy.Conclusions The Albumin nanoparticles drug delivery system displays a promising prospect in the pharmaceutical field.