图式理论与新型英语阅读课堂的构建

Schema Theory and the Construction of a New Reading Classroom in English-Language Teaching

我国传统的阅读课堂最大的弊端在于教师过多的关注语言文字本身而忽略了阅读者的背景知识这一重要因素。图式理论强调读者已有的背景知识在阅读过程中起着重要的参与作用,而有效的阅读方式则为交互模式。这对我国英语阅读教学改革都有着重要的启示:阅读教学应关注学生的背景知识;重视学生对阅读过程的积极参与和体验。以此为基础,可以构建一种以学生为中心、以过程体验为特色的新型阅读课堂,让学生分别从阅读前、阅读中和阅读后三个不同阶段体验已有的背景知识如何参与阅读过程。

In China,too much emphasis has been set on what is to be read and comprehended while readers have been ignored.On the contrary,schema theory argues that readers＇ previously acquired background knowledge is vital to reading comprehension because comprehending a text is an interactive process between the reader and the text,and between the higher-level processes and the lower-level processes.According to the results of some researches,the more background knowledge of a text a reader has,the easier he will comprehend it.Thus,students＇ previous background knowledge could not be ignored and they should have chances to experience how their background knowledge participates in the read comprehension.That＇s why a new reading classroom is tried to be constructed by designing different activities in pre-reading,while-reading and post-reading.