矿山地质灾害高分辨率遥感监测方法研究——以北京市房山区史家营煤矿为例

High Resolution Remote Sensing Method Study of Geological Disasters in Mines——A Case Study of Shijiaying Mine in Fangshan,Beijing

以北京市房山区史家营煤矿为研究对象建立了矿山地质灾害高分辨率遥感监测方法与技术流程。它是在建立矿山地质灾害遥感识别标志的基础上,对高分辨率数据进行空间分辨率融合和信息增强,利用"已知推未知"的工作思路,对多种地质灾害类型进行识别与提取;结果表明,高分辨率遥感图像和"3S"技术在矿山地质灾害监测中发挥着重要作用;对矿山地质灾害诱因的建模分析结果表明,人工采矿活动是导致矿山地质灾害发生的最直接原因,构造、岩性和坡度等是矿山地质灾害发生的重要因素。因此,加强矿山非法采矿的遥感监测与治理,注重对已采矿区的回填和管理是矿山地质灾害治理的关键。

Shijiaying Mine in Fangshan,Beijing was taken as an example,and the high resolution remote sensing monitor method and technical procedures were established.Based on the geological disaster sensing signs,the high resolution data are enhanced;with the method of ＂from unknown to known＂,the geological disaster types were classified and identified.The result showed： high resolution images and ＂3S＂ technology play important roles in the geological disaster monitor;human mining are direct causes for geological disasters in mines,and the structure,lithology and slope are important causes too.As a conclusion,it is key to improve the monitor of illegal mining,and to refill and manage the mined areas.