二十世纪五十年代贫农合作基金贷款的历史考察

A Historical Investigation of the Cooperative Fund Loan to Poor Peasants in the 1950s

20世纪50年代中期,为帮助贫困农民解决入社基金困难,扶助他们走合作化道路,国家发放了贫农合作基金贷款,并对贷款对象、额度、用途、还贷期限、利率、发放措施等作出规定。该贷款的发放,支持了入社贫困农民,加强了贫农与中农之间的团结,鼓励了社员的生产积极性,促进了农业合作社的巩固和发展。但在运作过程中也存在种种偏向。由于50年代末期的经济困难,该贷款未偿还的部分最终被国家核销。

In the mid-1950s in order to help poor peasants cope with the difficulties in paying their shares of cooperative fund,the state issued the ＂ccooperative fund loan to poor peasants＂ and made stipulations about the borrowers,amount,purpose,repayment date,interest rate and related measures.The issuance of this loan supported the poor farmers in their efforts to join the cooperatives,strengthened the solidarity of the poor and middle peasants,encouraged the cooperative members＇enthusiasm for production and promoted the consolidation and development of agricultural cooperatives.However,various deviations cropped up in the course of its implementation.As a result of economic difficulties in the late 1950s,a part of the loan that had not been repaid was cancelled by the state after verification.