易学话语与伊斯兰教中国化——论《天方正学》对易学话语的利用问题

Discourse of the Yi-ology and Sinicization of Islamism:On the Utilization of the Discourse of the Yi-ology in Tian fang zhen xue

明清时期,伊斯兰教汉文著述大量出现,汉语伊斯兰教在很多非基本信仰问题的思考与表述上,表现出明显的中国特色。清代后期,以蒋湘南与蓝曦为代表的伊斯兰教学者,系统利用熟悉的易学资源阐释汉语伊斯兰教思想。其中蓝曦在《天方正学》中,发展了王岱舆、马注等人已经开始的以回释儒的传统,大量利用卦气说、伏羲画卦说、易象说与太极化生宇宙说一套易学话语系统,作为建构汉语伊斯兰教思想的重要资源,这可以看作易学在清代的一个发展。这种情况的出现和中国思想史上格义的传统、易学强大的阐释空间、伊斯兰教思想和中国传统思想本身的沟通之处、汉语伊斯兰教思想明显有苏非气息等因素有关。

In the Ming（1368-1644） and Qing（1616-1911） dynasties,writings and works of Islamism in Chinese sprung up.Thinking and expression of many issues related to belief in these writings and works are characterized with transparent sinicization.In the later period of the Qing dynasty,Islamic scholars represented by JIANG Xiang-nan（1975-1854） and LAN Xi systematically took use of well-known sources of the Yi studies to explicate Islamism,among which LAN Xi in his Tian fang zheng xue（lit.,Correct Learning from Heaven） developed the tradition of interpreting Confucian by Islamism initiated by WANG Dai-yu（c.1584-1670） and MA Zhu（1640-1711） and took use in large scale of the discourse system including the Qua-qi theory（correlating the trigrams or hexagrams to seasonal points）,Pre-natal Eight Trigrams theory,imagery,and cosmology originated from Tai ji（Grand Ultimate） as significant sources to establish Chinese Islamism.It can also be regarded as a development of the Yi studies in the Qing dynasty.The emergence of this phenomenon is related to the Ge yi（a process of interpretation for the purpose of giving experiential meaning to new terms of the other system） hermeneutic tradition in the history of Chinese ideology,vast interpretive space in the Yi studies,communality between Islamism and traditional Chinese thought,and Sufism characterized in Chinese Islamism.