君臣关系视阈下的宋初三家论体文

Three Kinds Argumentative Articles of the Early Song Dynasty under the Perspective of relationship between Kings and Courtiers

宋初论体文以徐铉、田锡、王禹偁三家最为重要。现存徐铉论体文几乎全部是关于君臣关系的讨论,他以"赤心"作为君臣彼此相处的准则,强调儒家伦理,推重士臣作用,为宋人重建儒家君臣秩序及防止皇帝专断提供了一定借鉴,而其中关于朋党及君子、小人之辩的内容也为宋人导夫先路;由于宋初皇帝好文、重谏的政策影响了当时的君臣关系,故田锡的论体文多与科考、论谏活动有关,并塑造了田锡致君为用的精神,以及好直敢谏的政治个性,并进一步影响到了其论体文的创作与品格;王禹偁的论体文与其史观有相通之处,他作史注重"君臣事迹",强调"善恶鉴诫",并善于史实辨正,这在其论体文尤其关于君臣关系的论述中得到了体现。

Xu Xuan,Tian Xi and Wang Yucheng are the most important in argumentative articles of the early song dynasty.XU Xuan＇s papers all are the discussion about the relationship between monarch and his subjects.He emphasized the Confucian ethics,the role of esteem,and provided some arbitrary reference for the Song dynasty re-order Confucian monarch and prevent the emperor autocracy.Because the policy that the Song Emperor likes the article and emphasises admonition,WANG Xi ＇s paper all is on the imperial examination and admonition,and creating a spirit of supreme monarch and political personality,and further affect the character and creation of his articles.Wang Yucheng＇s papersare similar with his historical view.He focused on stories of monarch and his subjects,emphasized the good and evil,and be good at dialectic,which has been reflected in his articles.