传统社会的道德化行政及其当代影响

Moralized Administration of Traditional Society and Its Contemporary Implications

在传统中国,公共管理活动在本质上是不同管理情景下的道德适用,公共管理活动中的管理和控制,实际上是道德教化,而官员的管理活动也就是在执行道德;担负道德教化的各类社会主体即构成传统社会的公共管理结构,政治和行政的道德化成为中国传统政治文化和行政文化的核心要义,其结果是传统社会非常缺乏有效进行公共管理活动的机制安排和技术工具,这反过来更加剧了对道德手段的依赖。道德化行政的思维和模式至今仍在发挥着影响作用,或隐或显地在当代政治和行政实践当中表现出来。

In traditional China, as the public administration process was essentially all about the application of moral standards under different scenarios, any administration and control activity was nothing else but moralization and public officials actually served as moralizers. All the parties involved in the moralization constituted the public administration infrastructure in the traditional society and moralization became the key essence of Chinese traditional political and administrative cultures. As a result, effective mechanisms and technical instruments were absent in public administration activities, which in turn intensified the reliance on the moralization. This mindset has such a far - reaching effect that we can still feel it, either in an implicit or explicit way, in our contemporary political and administrative practice.