基于特征造型的重载货车辗钢整体车轮结构设计优化

Structure design optimization of rolled steel solid wheels for heavy-haul freight car based on feature modeling

为减轻重载货车车轮的质量、提高使用寿命,将常规的设计优化方法、参数化特征造型和有限元分析结合,进行重载货车辗钢整体车轮设计优化.以车轮轻量化为优化目标,基于特征建模方法确定设计变量,用有限元分析确定车轮强度和刚度的约束条件,建立辗钢整体车轮的设计优化模型.设计优化和参数化特征造型为有限元分析提供轮辐的几何尺寸,有限元分析主要进行优化后的车轮应力分析,并判断优化后车轮应力是否得到改善.参照"GB 8601—1988铁路用辗钢整体车轮",采用通用CAD/CAE软件建立重载货车辗钢整体车轮的三维实体模型,对其进行设计优化,取得满意的效果.

To lighten the mass and improve the life of wheels for heavy-haul freight car,the design optimization of rolled steel solid wheels is completed for heavy-haul freight car by combining the traditional design optimization method and parameter feature modeling method with the finite element method.Taken the lightweight of wheel as an objective,the design optimization model of rolled steel solid wheels is established with the design variables which are obtained by feature modeling method and the constraint conditions of wheel strength and structural stiffness which are obtained by finite element analysis.The geometric dimensions of wheel arm are given for finite element analysis by design optimization and parametrization feature modeling,and the optimized wheel stress is analyzed and judged by finite element analysis.According to＂GB 8601—1988 rolled steel solid wheels for railway＂,general CAD/CAE softwares are used to build a 3D model of rolled steel solid wheel for heavy-haul freight car and perform design optimization.The result turns out to be effective.