3种垂直绿化植物对SO_2的净化能力及其生理生化反应

Absorption Abilities,Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Three Vertical Greening Plants to SO_2

采用静态熏气方法对2a生爬山虎(Parthenocissus tricuspidata)、云南黄馨(Jasminum mesnyi)和野蔷薇(Rosa multiflora)进行8 h不同浓度(3 mg.m-3、12 mg.m-3、50 mg.m-3)的SO2熏气处理,探讨了3种植物对SO2的净化能力,及SO2对3种植物叶片叶绿素、抗坏血酸、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸和脯氨酸含量的影响。结果表明:SO2熏气增加了3种植物叶片中的硫含量,并且野蔷薇的硫含量与SO2浓度呈极显著的正相关(r=0.842**),3种植物平均净化SO2的能力由大到小的顺序为野蔷薇、云南黄馨和爬山虎。随着SO2浓度的增加,叶绿素和可溶性蛋白呈先升后降的趋势,抗坏血酸和游离氨基酸呈先降后升的趋势,而脯氨酸呈上升趋势。与对照相比,3 mg.m-3SO2处理导致叶绿素、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量增加,而抗坏血酸和游离氨基酸含量下降;50 mg.m-3SO2处理下,3种植物的叶绿素含量下降,爬山虎的可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量降低,抗坏血酸和游离氨基酸含量增加;云南黄馨的游离氨基酸含量降低,抗坏血酸、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量增加;野蔷薇的抗坏血酸和可溶性蛋白含量降低,游离氨基酸和脯氨酸含量增加。可见,3种垂直绿化植物对SO2均具有一定的净化能力,并具有相应的生理生化适应性。

Two-year-old saplings of Parthenocissus tricuspidata,Jasminum mesnyi and Rosa multiflora were exposed to different SO2 concentrations（3 mg·m-3,12 mg·m-3,50 mg·m-3 for 8h） in closed fumigation chambers.The absorption abilities of three vertical greening plant species to SO2,and the effects of SO2 on contents of leaf chlorophyll,ascorbic acid,soluble protein,free amino acid and proline were investigated.The results showed that exposure to SO2 increased leaf sulfur contents in all three species,and there was a highly significant positive correlation between leaf sulfur content in R.multiflora and SO2 concentration（r=0.842＊＊）.The average absorption capacity of the three kinds of plants to SO2 ranked as R.multiflora,J.mesnyi and P.tricuspidata.With the increase of SO2 concentration,total chlorophyll and soluble protein showed the tendency of increasing first and decreasing later,ascorbic acid and free amino acids decreased and then increased,and proline had an ascending trend.Compared with the check,exposure to SO2（3 mg·m-3） increased contents of chlorophyll,soluble protein,and porline.But the contents of ascorbic acid and free amino acid reduced.When SO2 concentration was up to 50 mg·m-3,chlorophyll content decreased in the three kinds of plants.Exposure to SO2（50 mg·m-3） resulted in a decrease of soluble protein and proline,and an increase of ascorbic acid and free amino acid in P.tricuspidata.It also depressed free amino acid,and enhanced ascorbic acid,soluble protein and proline in J.mesnyi.It caused a decrease of ascorbic acid and protein,and an increase of free amino and proline in R.multiflora.The results indicated that the three vertical plants could absorb SO2 in the atmosphere at a certain extent,with the appropriate physiological and biochemical adaptation.