美国油气管道维抢修应急响应程序

Emergency Response Procedure of Repair in American Oil and Gas Pipelines

美国油气管道维抢修应急响应体系完备,主要体现在由联邦、州、地方政府机构、油气管道行业、公共安全以及其他组织机构的协调运行管理。介绍了建立管道维抢修应急响应程序遵循的主要法律法规和与之相关的立法机构。基于国家事故管理系统,国土安全部建立了管道维抢修应急响应程序,为具有不同事故原因、规模、地理位置或复杂性的事故提供了体系化处理方法,并基于社区规模、地理位置或自愿组织机构等进行人员和设备配置。以阿拉斯加州管道维抢修应急响应系统为例,详细介绍了应急响应队伍和人员的配置特点,应急反应资源的配备方式、影响因素和分布情况,可为国内油气管道维抢修应急响应工作的开展提供借鉴。

The repair emergency response system in American oil and gas pipelines is coordinated and managed by the federation,state and local government agencies,oil & gas pipeline industry,public safety and other organizations.Related laws,regulations and legislative bodies for the establishment of pipeline repair emergency response procedure are introduced.Based on National Incident Management System,the Department of Homeland Security has established the pipeline repair emergency response procedure.This procedure,which is based on community size,geographic location or voluntary organizations for personnel and equipment configuration,provides systematic approaches to the accidents which have different causes,scales,geographic locations or complexities.Taking the Alaska Pipeline repair emergency response system as an example,allocation of emergency response group and staffs,distribution way of emergency response resources,influencing factors and manning are introduced in detail,which can be learned as an reference in the repair emergency response work for domestic oil & gas pipelines