新编城市志总述撰写初探

RecoPreliminary Exploration on the Theory and Practice of General Summary Writing in Newly Compiled City(District)Records

新编城市志设总述乃社会主义新方志的创新之举。旧志用"地理沿革"或"沿革"来总揽全貌,在一定程度上起了总述的作用。黄炎培主编《川沙县志》设置"概述"应视为方志体例上的一次创新与突破。董一博有关述体的论述是对社会主义方志学理论的一大建树。总述的作用有五个方面,即引读、综合、贯通、导向和统领全志。其特点有六个方面:一是概括全志,鸟瞰全貌;二是打通全志各篇章间的内在联系,并形成有机整体;三是揭示各类事物发展的内在联系;四是述而有论,弥补志书因述而不作产生的不足。总述不应该将全志各编(篇)简单地"浓缩",要因地制宜确定其基本要素。撰写总述要处理好总述与志首序言、凡例、各编(篇)概述以及整体性与专业性的关系。总述的撰写要体现综合性、思想性和高度概括性,要坚持实事求是,要具备应用价值,要突出地方特色。

General summary in newly compiled city records is an innovation of socialist new local records.Old local records used 'Geographical Evolution' or 'Evolution' to overview the whole picture,which to a certain extent played the role of general summary.The setup of 'Overview' in Chuansha County Records chiefly compiled by Huang Yanpei should be seen as a innovation and breakthrough in local records style.Dong Yibo's comments on the style of summary constitute a great achievement in socialist local records theory.A general summary has five functions,i.e.introducing,summing up,linking up,guiding and controlling the local records as a whole.A general summary should determine its basic elements in accordance with local characteristics,while not simply 'concentrate' each 'bian'('pian')of the local records.While writing a general summary,the relations between the general summary and the preface,explanatory notes,overviews in each 'bian'('pian'),between unity and professionalism,should be well balanced.The writing of a general summary should embody comprehensiveness,thoughtfulness,and generality,stick to the principle of being practical and realistic,have practical values,and emphasize local characteristics.