北京市大兴区2009-2010年甲型H1N1流感流行病学分析

Epidemiological characteristics of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1NI) in Daxing district,Beijing

目的了解北京市大兴区甲型H1N1流感病例的流行病学特征,为今后的流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集2009年6月～2010年1月大兴区403例甲型HlNl流感病例,应用描述性研究方法对其流行病学特征进行分析。结果早期确诊的病例以发热、咳嗽、咽痛为主要症状,疫情高发期出现死亡病例7例,病死率1.7%;所有患者中女性占53.35%,平均年龄(22.3±15.8)岁,学生占39.21%;2009年11月为发病高峰(40.45%);患者发病后至确诊的平均时间为(3.16±1.99)d;位于城乡结合部、流动人口较多的乡镇(办事处)病例数占总病例的76.67%。结论本次甲型H1N1流感疫情在大兴区的传播顺序为:病例传入期-社区散发期-学校社区病例快速上升期-病例下降期。整个流行过程持续7个月,期间政府与卫生专业部门分阶段所采取的防控措施是科学有效的。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 2009 pandemic influenza A（H1N1） in Daxing district,Beijing,and provide scientific basis for the disease prevention and control in future.Methods The influenza H1N1 cases were confirmed between June,2009 and January,2010 in Daxing District,Beijing.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of pandemic influenza A（H1N1）.Results 403 influenza A（H1N1） cases were detected and strain typed by real-time RT-PCR.The average time was 3 days（3.16±1.99） from the onset of disease to diagnosis.The most reported symptoms were fever,cough and sore throat.The mortality rate was 1.7%（7/403）.There was no significant sex difference of patients（women： 53.35%;men： 46.65%）.39.21% of the cases were students.The peak of incidences appeared on November 2009,which had 40.45% of total confirmed cases.76.67% of cases occurred in the suburb areas of the district.There was an obvious curve of incidences from introduction of the influenza,dissemination of virus,to peak occurrence,and then the decline of the pandemic,which took about 6 months.Conclusion The high efficient control methods taken during the epidemic period decreased the morbidity and mortality.