贵族与平民——英国可持续建筑两种设计倾向比较

Noble and Civilian——Comparison between Two Preferences of British Sustainable Architecture

以英国可持续建筑的发展脉络为线索,通过具有贵族气质的高造价与平民态度的低造价两种可持续建筑设计倾向在英国本土的创作实践比较,发现一方面贵族气质的高造价设计倾向以反理性、反传统的姿态向着有机、仿生的形体演变,注重新型建筑材料、高效的维护结构和采暖通风系统的应用;另一方面平民态度的低造价设计倾向则更多地采用低造价、适宜构造及施工技术,以追求一种大多数人可以分享的生态建筑环境,从而得出结论为可持续建筑设计自身具有复杂性与矛盾性,最大限度地采取被动式的生态技术策略,从建筑本体论的角度进行可持续建筑创作是两种设计倾向的共通之处。

This paper follows up the clue of the development of British sustainable building,and through the comparison of design practice between two kinds of design preferences,the high cost of noble temperament and low cost of civilian character,finds that the high cost of noble temperament design practice prefers anti-rational,anti-traditional,toward the organic,the physical evolution and focuses on new building materials,efficient application of maintenance structure and ventilation systems,on the other hand,the low cost of civilian character prefers lower cost,appropriate structure and construction technology in order to achieve the eco-building environment to be shared by most people.In conclusion,sustainable building design bears complexity and contradiction,and to maximize the passive ecological technology strategies,and to base the architecture design on the architecture itself are the common factors that the two design preferences share.