复合不育剂对高原鼠兔种群控制作用的研究

The Control Effect of Compound Sterilant on Population of Plateau Pika

通过室内试验选定致高原鼠兔雌性和雄性不育或抗生育作用且对环境低污染或无污染的不育剂各一种。雌性不育剂的半致死剂量LD50为8．68mg／kg，半不膏剂量ED50为2．11mg／kg。雄性不育剂的半致死剂量LD50为121．42mg／kg，半不育剂量ED50为43．70ms／kg。前者的主要作用特点是导致子宫内膜出血，体重下降，从而引起胚胎流产或吸收，而后者的作用部分是睾丸，对曲细植小管内精子、精子细胞、精母细胞以及管壁都有不同程度的损坏。高原鼠兔对两种不育剂配置的复合不育剂毒饵的摄食系数为0．33。采用复合不育剂毒饵在野外建立不育种群，结果表明，实验区不育种群密度由原来的56只／hm2降至8只／hm2，而对照区种群密度则由原来的54只／hm2增至138只／hm2。实验区不育种群因胚胎流产和吸收，产仔率明显低于对照区。

The female and male sterilants were selected for the plateau of pika which are low or no pollution on evironment. The use amounts of LD50 sterilant were 8.68mg/kg and 121. 42mg/kg for female and male respectively. The use amounts of ED50 sterilant were 2. 11mg/kg and 43. 69mg/kg for female and male respectively. The female sterilant LD50 caused the endometrium bleed and weight decrease,then produced embryo abortion of absorption. The male sterilant ED,, damaged spermatoza, spermatid and spermatocytes in seminiferous,at the same time,the wall of seminiferous tubules became atrophy,de formities and thin obviously. When these two kinds of sterilants were mixed with dose of ED50,the plateau pika's consumption coefficient was 0. 33. And this compound sterilant was used to establish the infertile population of plateau pika in the fields,the results showed that the population density of experiment treated with compound sterilant decreased from 56 individual/hm2 to 8 individual/hm2, but the control population density increased from 54 individual/hm2 to 138 individual/hm2;meanwhile the birth ratio of experiment population was significantly lower than that of control population.