内体—溶酶体运输及其细胞功能

Cellular functions of the lysosomal transport

哺乳动物细胞中,内吞作用通过质膜内陷形成囊泡来摄取外界物质,经早内体到达晚内体/溶酶体降解或经再生循环回到质膜。内体运输网络参与细胞一系列重要生命活动,如信号通路调节、细胞器发生以及胞吐作用等。近年来发现Aps、BLOCs、HOPS和ESCRTs等复合体共同参与货物由胞内体到溶酶体或溶酶体相关细胞器的运送。该文主要就这些内体—溶酶体运输系统中重要蛋白复合体的组成和功能进行综述。

In mammalian cells,endocytosis is initiated by which extracellular molecules are internalized through the formation of vesicles at the plasma membrane（PM）.The internalized cargoes pass through early endosomes and then to late endosomes/lysosomes for degradation or recycle back to the PM.The endosomal transport network plays important roles in the regulation of cell signaling,organellar biogenesis and exocytosis.Several complexes including APs,BLOCs,HOPS and ESCRTs are assembled at the endosomes to form a unique endocytic protein macrocomplex that governs endomembrane sorting and trafficking to the lysosomes.In this review,we mainly focused on the composition and functions of these complexes involved in the lysosomal transport.