复杂型面零件充液拉深失效控制研究

Research on Failure Control of Hydroforming Deep Drawing for Complex Surface Part

对于普通拉深无法成形的复杂零件,充液拉深成形是一种有效的解决方法。在自行研制的充液拉深成形试验机上进行工艺验证实验,对复杂型面不锈钢零件充液拉深成形过程中出现的起皱、破裂和不贴模3种失效形式进行了研究,分析了液室压力、压边力和拉延筋深度等关键工艺参数对失效的影响和作用规律,优化了液室压力和压边力加载曲线以及拉延筋参数。结果表明,液室压力加载曲线应与板料悬空区变化趋势相协调,压边力加载路径应与液室压力相匹配,为消除悬空带过渡区的内皱,必须设置合适的拉延筋。

Hydroforming deep drawing is an effective method for manufacturing complex parts which cannot be formed by conventional deep drawing.According to process experiment done on the self-developed hydroforming tester,the fracture,wrinkling and unfittingness failure types in hydroforming deep drawing process of complex surface stainless steel part are investigated.Effect rule of key process parameters including cavity pressure,blank holder force and drawbeads depth on the failures is explored,and cavity pressure and blank holder force loading curve,as well as drawbead depth are optimized.The results show that cavity pressure loading curve should be coordinated with changing trend of sheet noncontact areas.Correspondingly,blank holder force loading path should be performed to match cavity pressure.In addition,appropriate drawbeads must be set up to prevent inner wrinkles on the transition regions of sheet noncontact areas.