高分子阻燃剂BPS在PS-HI中的应用研究

Application of Polymeric Flame-retardant BPS in PS-HI

通过熔融共混方法将高分子阻燃剂溴代聚苯乙烯(BPS)引入高抗冲聚苯乙烯(PS-HI)树脂基体中得到两者的共混体系,再在此共混体系中加入适量三氧化二锑(AO)和有机化改性蒙脱土(OMMT)作为阻燃协效剂,分别用水平燃烧、垂直燃烧、氧指数和高温热分解实验研究了共混体系的阻燃性能。结果表明,BPS本身对PS-HI的阻燃效率较低,加入少量AO就能够使PS-HI/BPS共混体系的阻燃性能显著提高。当PS-HI/BPS/AO的组成为100/30/10时,复合材料的氧指数达到28.1%,水平和垂直燃烧级别分别达到FH-1级和FV-0级。同时加入AO和OMMT后,复合材料在高温下成炭能力明显增强,其阻燃机理由原来的气相阻燃变为气相与凝固相协同阻燃,但是由于材料的无焰燃烧时间过长,其垂直燃烧级别达不到FV-0级。

Flame retardant blend of high impact polystyrene （PS-HI） and bromopolystyrene （BPS） was obtained by melt-compounding. Proper amounts of antimony oxide （AO） and organically modified montmorillonite （OMMT） were introduced to the blend as flame-retarding synergists. The flame retardancy of the blend was investigated by means of horizontal burning, vertical burning, oxygen index, and high temperature pyrolysis experiments. When the mass ratio of PS-HI/BPS/AO was 100/30/10, the oxygen index of the composite reached 28. 1% and the horizontal burning rating and vertical burning rating of the material were FH-1 and FV-0, respectively. When both AO and OMMT were added, the high temperature charring ability of the composite was enhanced obviously, suggesting that the flame retardant mechanism of the composite has changed from gas phase flame retardation to gas phase and condensed phase synergistic flame retardation. However, due to the much longer afterglow time, the composite containing both additives cannot reach FV-O rating in the vertical burning test.