我国医疗废物处理的现状及改进措施

The Present Status of Medical Waste Treatment and Improving Measures in China

医疗废物被列为《国家危险废物名录》的首位,处理不彻底会对水体、土壤、空气和人体造成严重危害。然而,我国对医疗废物的处理起步比较晚,和世界发达国家相比处于落后状态。目前,我国的医疗废物总量逐年增加,集中处理率低,收集、分类、贮存、运输不规范,并且缺乏有效的监管体系和运行机制,应该采取加强医疗废物源头控制、建立医疗废物监管体制、提高医疗废物处理技术和能力等措施,力争在较短的时间内彻底改变我国医疗废物处理现状。

Medical wastes occupy the first place in the National List of Hazardous Waste,when treated incompletely,they will cause serious damages to the water bodies,soil,air and even to the human body.Despite of that,medical waste treatment in China started later,and is a laggard compared with the developed countries in the world.At present,the total amount of medical wastes in China is increasing year by year,the rate of centralized treatment is low,collection,classification,storage and transportation are irregular and lack of effective supervisory system and operational mechanism.Therefore,measures such as strengthening source control,establishing supervision system,improving treating technique and capability,should be taken to reverse the status of medical waste treatment in China within a short period of time.