大鼠脑干向面口部运动核的P物质能和脑啡肽能投射

SUBSTANCE P ERGIC AND ENKEPHALINERGIC PROJECTIONS FROM THE BRAINSTEM TO THE BRAINSTEM OROFACIAL MOTOR NUCLEI IN THE RAT

目的观察大鼠脑干面口部运动核（三叉神经运动核、面神经核和舌下神经核）内Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）和亮氨酸脑啡肽（Ｌ－ＥＮＫ）样阳性终末的中枢起源。方法荧光金（ＦＧ）逆行追踪与ＳＰ样和Ｌ－ＥＮＫ样免疫荧光组织化学染色相结合的双重标记技术。结果将ＦＧ分别注入三叉神经运动核、面神经核或舌下神经核后，ＦＧ逆标神经元主要位于臂旁核簇、三叉上核、三叉神经感觉主核、脑桥和延髓网状结构、巨细胞网状核α部和延髓中缝核簇。上述结构内的部分ＦＧ逆标神经元呈ＳＰ样或Ｌ－ＥＮＫ样阳性，这些双标神经元主要位于臂旁外侧核、延髓中缝核簇和巨细胞网状核α部。结论含ＳＰ和Ｌ－ＥＮＫ并向脑干面口部运动核投射的运动前神经元可能在面口部复杂而精细的运动调控中发挥重要作用。

Objective\ To study the central origins of substance P ergic and enkephalinergic projections from the brainstem to the brainstem orofacial motor nuclei in the rat.Methods\ The double labeling method by combination of Fluro Gold(FG) retrograde tracing with immunohistochemical staining for substance P(SP) and leucine enkephalin (L ENK) was used in the present study.Results\ After injection of FG into the trigeminal motor nucleus,facial nucleus,or hypoglossal nucleus,respectively,FG retrogradely labeled neurons were found mainly in the parabrachial nuclei,supratrigeminal nucleus,trigeminal principal sensory nucleus,pontine and medullary reticular formation,medullary raphe nuclei and gigantocellular reticular nucleus pars α.Among FG retrogradely labeled neurons in those structures as mentioned above,some of the FG labeled neurons also showed SP or L ENK like immunoreactivities.SP/FG and L ENK/FG double labeled neurons were mainly encountered in the lateral parabrachial nucleus,medullary raphe nuclei and gigantocellular reticular nucleus pars α,which are important structures of the premotor neuron pool.Conclusion\ SPergic and L ENKergic projections originated mainly from brainstem premotor neuron pool might have regulatory and control effects on orofacial motoneurons in the brainstem orofacial motor nuclei,which innervate orofacial muscles to carry out complex orofacial movements.