颏下动脉二腹肌前腹为蒂下颌骨膜瓣的解剖

The applied anatomy of the periosteal flap composed of submental artery and digastric muscle

目的为应用颏下动脉二腹肌前腹为蒂的下颌骨骨膜瓣转位修复喉、气管提供解剖学依据。方法对２３例（４６侧）头颈部标本的颏下动脉、颏下静脉、二腹肌前腹的相关结构进行观测。结果颏下动脉为面动脉的恒定分支，走行于下颌下腺与下颌骨下缘之间，恒定分支供应二腹肌前腹和下颌骨骨膜，并与对侧有广泛的吻合支。二腹肌前腹以３０°角附着于骨膜，肌腹横截面积明显小于附着的骨膜面积。结论带颏下动脉二腹肌前腹蒂的下颌骨膜瓣有转移范围大、血供丰富、应用灵活等优点。颏下动脉二腹肌前腹为蒂的下颌骨膜瓣修复喉气管具有可行性。

Objective To provide anatomical basis for a new style operation using periosteal flap composed of submental artery, anteroventral portion of digastric muscle and submental artery for the renovation of laryngotrachea.Methods The anatomical structures correlative with submental artery,submental vein,anteroventral portion of digastric muscle and mandibular periosteum in 23(46 sides)cephalocervical samples were measured.Results The periosteal flaps had shown many advantages inculding large transfer capacity ,rich blood supply,flexibility.Conclusion It is feasibe that the periosteal flap composed of submental artery,anteroventral portion of digastric muscle and mandibular periosteum is useful laryngotracheal renovation.