液氮冷冻治疗慢性肥厚性鼻炎形态学研究

Morphological study on chronic hypertrophic rhinitis treated with cryosurgery

目的以光镜和电镜观察液氮冷冻治疗慢性肥厚性鼻炎鼻粘膜的变化。方法对３０例病程在１０年左右慢性肥厚性鼻炎患者，于治疗前、第１次治疗后２周和第２次治疗后８～１０周行鼻粘膜活体组织检查，进行光、电镜观察。结果冷冻前鼻粘膜上皮呈不同程度的鳞状化生和增厚。第１次冷冻后２周鼻粘膜上皮退化、脱落，上皮层明显变薄。第２次冷冻后８～１０周鼻粘膜形成新的上皮层，可见较多柱状上皮细胞，并见微绒毛和短纤毛再生，较规整。结论冷冻治疗可改善鼻粘膜病变，从而改善和恢复鼻粘膜生理功能。

Objective To approach the effect of cryosurgery on the mucous membrane of patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis.Methods Thirty cases of chronic hypertrophic rhinitis treated with cryosurgery were observed by light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Results Before cryosurgery, the mucous epithelia were squamous metaplastic. After the first cryosurgery, the epithelia degenerated and fell off. After the second cryosurgery, the epithelia regenerated and cilia formed. Conclusion The results showed that cryosurgery could diminish the pathological changes and improve the nasal function.