贵州台江早—中寒武世凯里组的宏观藻类化石

Early-Middle Cambrian Macroalgal Fossils from TaiJiang County, Guizhou, China

本文描述了贵州寒武纪凯里组中的宏观藻类化石7属12种,其中有6个新属10个新种:Bosworthia simulans、B.gyges、Eolaminaria grandis gen.et sp.nov.、E.perelegans gen.et sp.nov.、Fractibeltia typica gen.et sp.nov.、F.fibrillata gen.et sp.nov.、F.forrnosus gen.et sp.nov.、F.vein gen.et sp.nov.、Kailiphyton simulans gen. et sp. nov.、Palaeospinella typica gen. et sp. nov.、Palaeodictyota dichotoma gen. et sp. nov.、Wavilaminaria taijiangia gen. et sp. nov.,该藻类植物群的发现不仅丰富了我国早古生代寒武纪的藻类,而且,对研究早期植物界的演化,恢复寒武纪当时全球生物地理区和古大陆位置分布具有重要的意义。

Cambrian macroalgal fossils were discovered in Taijiang county, Guizhou, China. The macroalgal fossils contain 7 genera (6 genera are gen. nov. ) and 12 species (10 species are sp. nov. ); they are: Bosworthia simulans, B. gyges, Eolaminaria grandis gen. et sp. nov. , E. perelegans gen. et sp. nov. , Fractibeltia typica gen. et sp. nov. , F. fibrillata gen. et sp. nov. , F. formosus gen. et sp. nov. , F. vein gen. et sp. nov. , Kailiphyton simulans gen. et sp. nov. , Palaeodictyota dichotoma, Palaeospinella typica gen. et sp. nov. and Wavilaminaria taijiang gen. et sp. nov. The discovery of these algae furnish important materials for understanding plant evolution and studying earlier algae. Abundant Precambrian macroalgal fossils have been discovered in Europe and Asia, but until now, only macroalgae of the Burgess, Siberia and Kaili faunas have been discovered in the Cambrian. Macroalgal fossils in the Kaili fauna in Guizhou, China, not only have a high diversity but also are well preserved. The macroalgal fossils in the Kaili Formation occur together with Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta and early metazoan. This feature is analogous to that of other early metazoan biotas, such as the Burgess shale fauna, Miaohe biota, Huainan biota and Chengjiang fauna. According to the same characteristics of algal fossils and other early metazoan fossils of the Cambrian Kaili fauna, Chengjiang fauna and Burgess fauna, it is considered that in the Cambrian the southern Chinese continent and the North American continent have similar biotas, so it is inferred that the two continents were close and belonged to the same biological province in the Cambrian. But the authors consider that biological provinces were mainly controlled by paleolatitudes in the Cambrian and that biotas might be similar to each other in the same paleolatitude region.