喷灌条件下液膜覆盖对玉米干物质积累及水分利用效率的影响

Effects of liquid film mulching on dry matter accumulation and water use efficiency of maize with sprinkler irrigation

为了探讨喷灌和液膜覆盖对玉米生产的调控作用,在大田喷灌条件下,分析了3个土壤水分灌溉下限对液膜覆盖玉米生长发育过程的影响。通过对比试验,研究了液体地膜盖对玉米产量结构和水分利用效率(WUE)的影响。结果表明,高、中、低水分处理(灌水量分别为51.8、35.0、31.4mm)生物累积量分别达到16699.99、14216.38和13239.14kg/hm2,液膜覆盖高水分处理有利于干物质的累积,玉米的干物质累积曲线呈"慢-快-慢"趋势。液膜覆盖显著提高了玉米的百粒质量,在玉米籽粒产量方面,液膜覆盖高、中、低水分处理分别较对照提高了3.48%、1.48%和3.79%,在水分利用效率方面,液膜覆盖高、中、低水分处理分别较对照提高了6.59%、7.30%和9.17%。研究认为,喷灌条件下液膜覆盖具有明显的节水增产效果。

In order to explore regulation effects of sprinkler irrigation and liquid film mulching of maize production,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three low limits of soil moisture on maize growth process by liquid film mulching with sprinkler irrigation. The influence of liquid film mulching on yield and water use efficiency（WUE） was studied contrast to the control treatment（CK） . The results showed that the biomass accumulation with high,medium and low soil moisture treatments（with irrigation quota 51.8,35.0,31.4 mm separately） amounted to 16 699.99,14 216.38 and 13 239.14 kg/hm2 separately,the high-water treatment was beneficial to dry matter accumulation of maize,and the growth curve of dry matter showed ＂slow-fast-slow＂ trend. Under liquid film mulching,100-seed weight could be improved significantly. Maize yield of high,medium and low soil moisture treatments with liquid film mulching increased by 3.48%,1.48% and 3.79% separately,and WUE of high,medium and low soil moisture treatments with liquid film mulching increased by 6.59%,7.30% and 9.17% respectively compared with the control. The study indicates that liquid film mulching is an effective measure of water saving and yield increasing with sprinkler irrigation.