赫胥黎科学哲学思想初探

On Thomas Henry Huxley's Philosophy of Science

托马斯.亨利.赫胥黎是英国科学家、教育家、人文主义者。他指出科学的统一在于科学方法,科学方法有效性的前提是秩序的普遍性和因果关系的存在;不完全归纳法是科学前进的必由之路;提出假说要谨慎,对待批评应真诚。理性是追求真理的唯一指南和行为的最高主宰;科学理性的崇高源于伟大的科学实践;理性在科学中的运用受到实践的严格约束。源于希腊的科学精神成为了时代特征,体现科学之完美。

Thomas Henry Huxley is a British scientist,educator and humanist.In his view,the unity of science lies in the scientific methods,the prerequisite for the validity of the scientific methods is the universality of order and the validity of the law of causation.Incomplete inductions are the only way of scientific progress.Putting forward hypothesis carefully and treating criticisms sincerely.Reason is the sole guide to truth and the supreme arbiter of conduct.The noble of scientific rationality comes from the great practice of science.The use of reason in science is strictly restricted by practice.The scientific spirit stemmed from ancient Greek becomes the epoch feature and embodies the perfect of science.