262例小儿EB病毒感染的临床分析

A clinical analysis of 262 children with EB virus infection

目的分析小儿EB病毒感染的临床表现及多系统损害出现机率,提高早期诊断水平。方法对PCR检查EB病毒阳性的262例(男172例,女90例,男∶女=1.5∶1)EB病毒感染患儿的临床表现、辅助检查及治疗转归进行回顾性分析。结果 EB病毒感染所致的典型表现40.5%,非典型表现59.5%。主要症状有:发热97.7%、咽峡炎80.4%、肝脾淋巴结肿大79.4%、咳嗽45.8%、睑结膜充血38.2%、皮疹19%、头疼13%等;感染可累及全身各个系统,但以呼吸道最多见,其次为循环系统、神经系统、消化系统、血液系统等。更昔洛韦治疗效果较好。结论小儿EB病毒感染临床表现复杂多样,累及多系统,预后较好,EB病毒PCR检测有助于早期诊断并减少误诊率。对小儿发热性疾病应注意EB病毒感染可能。

Objective： To investigate manifestation and multiple system damage to children infected by EB virus so as to improve early diagnosis.Methods： The clinical manifestation,diagnosis and prognosis of 262 children（172 males,90 females,male∶femal=1.5∶1）with positive DNA of EB virus examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction（PCR） were analysed retrospectively.Results： Typical EB virus infection was 40.5%,the atypical manifestation was 59.5%.The chief symptoms of infants infected by EB virus were： fever（97.7%）,angina（80.4%）,lymphadenectasis（79.4%）,conjunctival congestion（38.2%）,cough（45.8%）,rash（19%） and headache（13%） etc;almost all systems of the body were affected,but respiratory infection was the most common,followed by circulation system,nervous system,digestive system and hematologicalsystem.The therapeutic effect of ganciclovir on EB virus infection in children was better.Conclusion： The symptoms of children infected by EB virus are complex and diverse,and many systems can be affected.The prognosis of EB virus infection is usually well,and detection of EB virus-PCR can lead to the early diagnosis of the disease and decrease misdiagnosis rate.Infection of EB virus should be considered when children have fever.