航天搭载白桦种子早期生长性状的初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON EARLY GROWTH TRAITS OF Betula platyphylla SEEDS CARRIED BY SPACE SATELLITE

利用返回式卫星搭载白桦种子进行空间诱变处理,对航天搭载的4个白桦家系(HT98-1、HT98-2、HT98-3、HT98-4)2年生和5年生幼树的生长性状进行分析,结果如下:2年生白桦幼树,HT98-1、HT98-2、HT98-4家系的树高与地面对照的差异达到极显著水平。其中HT98-4家系树高明显低于地面对照,而HT98-1、HT98-2、HT98-3家系均高于地面对照。5年生白桦幼树的方差分析结果表明:HT98-1、HT98-4家系与地面对照的差异达到极显著水平,以x珋+S为标准,2个家系共选出了64株优良单株,这些优良单株的平均树高比地面对照的平均值高14.84%,平均胸径比地面对照平均值高27.90%,平均材积比地面对照平均值高64.27%。筛选获得的这些优良突变株,为继续开展白桦航天搭载后代的选择工作奠定基础。

Dry seeds of Betula platyphylla were carried by return satellite for space mutagenesis.Growth characteristics of two-year-old and five-year-old Betula platyphylla trees were analyzed among 4 families（HT98-1,HT98-2,HT98-3 and HT98-4） after space mutagensis.The results showed that the height of two-year-old seedlings from space induced mutant lines HT98-1,HT98-2 and HT98-4 was significant difference with their ground control.Among these families except for family HT98-4,the others were significantly higher than their ground control;there was a significant difference at 0.01 level on five-year-old height between HT98-1 and HT98-4 and their ground control.According to x ＋ S as standard,64 superior individuals from 2 families were selected out,their average height of which was higher than the average of 14.84% of control,their diameter of breast height（DBH） was 27.90% higher than their control,their volume was 64.27% higher than their control.These superior mutants of Betula platyphylla lay the basis for future space induction breeding.