硝酸钇绿色催化合成乙酸苄酯的研究

Study on green synthesis of benzyl acetate catalyzed by yttrium nitrate

以硝酸钇为催化剂,冰乙酸和苯甲醇为原料合成乙酸苄酯进行了研究。重点考察了催化剂用量、酸醇物质的量比、反应时间、带水剂种类及催化剂重复使用性对乙酸苄酯收率的影响。实验结果表明,硝酸钇对合成乙酸苄酯有着良好的催化活性,当催化剂用量为苯甲醇用量的1.5%(摩尔百分比),乙酸和苯甲醇的摩尔比为1.2∶1.0,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间为2.0h,乙酸苄酯收率可达93.2%,且催化剂重复使用多次后仍保持较高活性。与以浓硫酸为催化剂合成乙酸苄酯的传统工艺所存在设备腐蚀严重、后处理工艺复杂、污染环境等缺点相比,以硝酸钇为催化剂合成乙酸苄酯的工艺具有操作简单,产率较高,对环境友好且催化剂经简单分离可回收并多次重复使用的优点。

The optimum reaction conditions of the synthesis of benzyl acetate using Yttrium nitrate hexahydrate as catalyst from acetic acid and benzyl alcohol were reported for the first time.The results showed that the best conditions were：the amount of catalyst 1.5% of the amount of benzyl alcohol（molar percentage）;the molar ratio of acetic acid to benzyl alcohol 1.2 ∶1.0;reaction time 2.0h with cyclohexane acting as the water-carrying agent.The yield was over 93.2% under the above condition.Compared with the traditional synthetic method using concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst,this protocol has the advantages of mild condition,high yields,simple operation,environmental friendly as well as repeatedly usage of the catalyst.