“譬”、“喻”之辨——从名辩学和因明学的角度

Differentiation and Analyse of"Pi"and"Yu":

"譬"、"喻"因含义相近常被人们不加区别地使用。从名辩思想和因明学的角度来看,尽管它们在缘起、论证方法、悟他目的等方面有诸多相同之处,但从推理的结构、形式的稳定性等方面来看,二者具有本质的不同:名辩学之"譬"是一种独立的推论形式,而因明学之"喻"只是推论中前提的一部分;形式上名辩学之"譬"相对稳定,因明学之"喻"不同时期有较大差别;方法上名辩学之"譬"大多使用类比、比喻说明问题并且例证详尽,因明学之"喻"与"譬"大致类似但在细节上有所不同。

＂Pi＂ and ＂Yu＂ are often indiscriminated by people because of a similar meaning. According to Ancient Chinese Logic and Ancient Indian Logic, although ＂ Pi＂ and ＂ Yu＂ have the same origin, demonstration methods, and realization of the purpose, they are in nature different in the reasoning structure and the stability of form. In conclusion, firstly, ＂ Pi＂ in Ancient Chinese Logic is a form of independent reasoning, but ＂Yu＂ in Ancient Indian Logic is just a part of premise in reasoning ; secondly, in form, ＂Pi＂ in Ancient Chinese Logic is relatively stable, but ＂ Yu＂ in Ancient Indian Logic is very different in different periods; lastly, in the method, ＂ Pi＂ in Ancient Chinese Logic frequently uses the analogy, metaphor, and example of a detailed description of the problem, but ＂Yu＂ in Ancient Indian Logic is somewhat different in details.