中国战略管理学的近期发展:一种本土视角的回顾与前瞻

The Recent Development of Strategic Management Theories in China:Looking Back and Forward from an Indigenous Research Point of View

早先"国际"视角的评估认为中国战略管理学仍处于"前现代"阶段,但从本土视角出发对近10年来中国战略理论发展的一个不完全梳理表明,中国战略管理学者在诸如战略领导、战略创新、制度环境与战略、文化环境与战略等问题上提出不少反映中国情境的战略概念,并在"环境—战略—绩效"的基本范式下开始了具有本土意识的问题研究与理论探索。中国战略管理学正处于转型发展的新阶段。在回顾的基础上,对中国本土战略研究的整体发展道路进行了探讨,特别是从中国作为现代战略知识生产的后来者和知识创新的"缄默知识观"出发,提出中国本土战略研究要走"自觉-能力-问题"三要素融合创新之路,即提高本土化研究的意识与自觉、学习经典理论与方法以提高研究能力,以及深入挖掘本土重要战略问题。以海外华人学者对"制度基础观"战略学说的贡献为例,阐述了这一道路的可行性。最后,对新阶段本土化战略研究的5个基本问题和中国战略管理学发展前景进行了展望。

The development of strategic management theories in China was viewed as ＂pre-modernity＂ from an early international mainframe point of view.However,a primary review from an indigenous research point of view has found that Chinese scholars have developed a few new concepts and theories in areas such as strategic leadership,strategic innovation,institutional / cultural environment and strategies in Chinese context.Chinese strategic management theories are viewed as in a new phase of transitional development.Besides the review,we set up an indigenous research strategy based on the situation of Chinese strategy scholars as later comers and tacit knowledge perspective of innovation.This research strategy indicate an integrating way of Chinese management theory development based on the ＂consciousness-competence-questions＂ framework：（1） consciousness： increasing the indigenous research consciousness of Chinese scholars;（2） competence： learning classic strategy theories and perspectives from western management theories and Chinese tradition;and（3） questions： investigating the fundamental strategy questions in China context.It also illustrates the feasibility of this framework using the case of institution-based view of strategy by oversea Chinese scholars.Finally,five fundamental strategy questions and the future of Chinese strategic management theory were discussed.