农村环境污染情况及影响因素分析——来自全国百村的实证分析

Environmental Pollution in Rural China and Its Driving Forces

伴随农村经济发展,农村环境污染问题正日益引起关注。为摸清目前我国农村环境污染的基本现状并分析环境恶化的影响因素,在全国范围内对村级环境污染现状进行抽样调查,共调查了5省101个村。调查结果表明,在所调查的样本村中,过去10年当中农村环境恶化的村占44%。实证分析表明,农村乡镇企业发展、城镇化或人口居住地的集中等因素对农村环境有显著负面影响,而政府整治农村环境措施和农村劳动力外流有利于当地环境的保护。如何在兼顾经济发展的同时加强农村环境监管与治理,使农村发展模式向自然和谐型转变是未来农村发展面对的一个重要任务。

Accompanied with rapid rural development,the concerns on environmental pollution in rural China have been rising.In order to have a better understanding of the current situations of rural environmental pollution and its major determinants,we draw a nationwide representative sample of 101 villages from 5 provinces.The result indicates that about 44% of villages reported worsening of their environment in the past 10 years.Econometric analysis shows that rural enterprise development and local township expansion（or rising population density） have negatively affected rural environment,while government＇s efforts have offset the trend of rising environmental pollution.The paper concludes the study with policy implication on the importance of protecting rural environment in the rapid growth economy in China.