海洋核污染与放射性监测技术

Nuclear contamination and radiation monitoring of the ocean

核能的开发利用对海洋产生了核污染。本文分析了海洋中的天然放射性核素和人工放射性核素。采用海水样品的γ能谱测定方法,用低本底HPGeγ谱仪对海水样品进行了72 h不间断的γ能谱测定,并对测试结果进行了分析。实验结果表明,海洋放射性测量属于低水平放射性测量,随着探测器分辨率的提高,低水平放射性测量技术有了很大发展,γ能谱测量方法可以不分离核素而同时测定多种核素,可应用于海洋核污染监测等低水平放射性测量。最后讨论了海洋核污染监测技术的发展趋势。

;During the course of the nuclear technique development and application,nuclear contamination of the ocean was produced.The natural radioactive nuclide incliding uranides decay series,thorium decay series,actinouran decay series and artificial radioactive nuclide were analyzed.By using γ energy spectrum measurement,the brine seawater sample had been measured by HPGe γ energy spectrometer for seventy-two hours.The results of measurement were analyzed.It is shown that the ocean radiation monitoring is low-level monitoring and γ energy spectrum measurement is adapted to monitoring the ocean radiation contamination.Finally,the development trend of the monitoring contamination is discussed.