不同提取方法对莪术挥发油成分的影响

Effect of Different Extracting Methods on Extractive Composition of Volatile Oil in Rhizoma Curcuma

目的考察不同提取方法中莪术挥发油化学成分及含量的差异,优化最佳提取工艺。方法以莪术挥发油的收率为指标,采用水蒸气蒸馏和超临界萃取并设计正交试验,用GC-MS联用分析各挥发油的含量,对分离的化合物进行结构鉴定,应用色谱峰面积归一法测定各成分的相对百分含量。结果水蒸气蒸馏法中的最佳条件为A2B3C2(粉碎粒度为20-40目,蒸馏时间为8h,加水量800mL),超临界CO2萃取挥发油的最佳条件为A2B3C1(萃取压力20Mpa,萃取温度为55℃,粉碎度为10-20目)。结论两种不同提取方法所得挥发油含量不同。经过比较,超临界CO2萃取挥发油的收率高,但主要有效成分较低,所得的化合物比常规法少,其化学成分差别也较大。

Objective To test the different extraction methods of the volatile oil in Curcuma phaeocaulis according to chemical composition affected and the content of volatile oil,to establish the optimal extraction process.Methods Volatile oil yield rate indicators was applied in steam distillation and supercritical extraction and orthogonal design,and using GC-MS analysis of separated compounds structure identification.The hromatography peak area normalization method was applied to measure the ingredients in the relative amounts.Result Steam distillation in the best conditions is A2B3C2（A2 for the size redution 20-40,B3 for the distillation time 8h,C2 for the water 800mL） and superitical CO2 extraction in the best conditions is A2B3C1（A2 for the extraction pressure 20PMa,B3 for the extraction temperature 55℃,C1 for the size redution 10-20）.Conclusion The two different extraction method of volatile oil content from different comparison,superitical CO2 extraction of essential oil from high-yield.However,the main effective component content was low and compounds derived was less than the conventional method,its chemical composition is different from larger.