冰川变化遥感监测的研究进展

Progress in research on glacier changes using remote sensing

总结分析冰川变化遥感监测中使用的影像数据和方法,探讨全球范围内冰川变化遥感监测最新研究成果,发现分辨率较高时间序列较长的Landsat影像适合大区域长周期的冰川变化研究.ASTER影像在近几年冰川变化研究中发挥着重要作用,而分辨率达到米级的影像数据适合面积小、精度要求高的冰川变化研究.冰川边界的提取通常采用比值阈值法,同时也应尝试其他方法,以选择最佳的方案.全球范围内,现代冰川退缩速率不尽相同,新几内亚与非洲地区冰川退缩最为严重,反应了低纬度地区的小冰川对气候变化响应更为敏感;斯堪的纳维亚半岛与两极地区冰川规模大,冰川变化相对较小.

Data and methods were summarized,which are used in glacier change investigation and monitoring of glaciers with remote sensing.It was concluded that Landsat images of high resolution and long-scale sequence are suitable for research on large area and long-cycle glacier changes.The ASTER images play a important role in the glacier change research in recent years.Meter-scale resolution image data can be applied to glacier change research on small areas which needs high precision.The boundary extraction generally use the ratio-threshold method,as well as some other ways.The rate of glacier retreating is different in the world; for example,it is the fastest in New Guinea and Africa,which reveals that small glaciers in low latitude are more sensitive to climate changes and glaciers in the Scandinavian peninsula and the polar regions are large and has undergone few changes.