略论古语词

Remark on Archaisms

近五十余年的古语词研究并未取得统一的认识,特别是在研究对象上。现代汉语中的古汉语词汇大致可分为如下几类:刻意模仿文言文的词语;只有在表述历史现象时用到的词语;古今汉语均常用的词语;不能单独成词的语素;有一定适用范围和价值的词语。对现代汉语词语研究有意义的应为后三部分,但因其各自的存在状态不同,其研究价值是不同的,我们不能简单地等同看待。

The research on archaisms has been about fifty years,but scholars have not come to an agreement yet,especially on the research object.This paper summarizes the research results of the last fifty years systematically,probing into the controversial issues,and put forward our views.Classic Chinese lexicon in Modern Chinese can be divided into five types： terms imitating ancient article purposely;terms only used to portrays socialphenomena;terms commonly used in ancient and modern Chinese;morphemes can＇t constitute words by themselves;terms having their own applying ranges and value.The next three parts are of special value In the study of modern Chinese,but they should not be treated equally because of their existing state.